Benign focal amyotrophy
Benign Focal Amyotrophy
Benign Focal Amyotrophy (pronunciation: /bɪˈnaɪn ˈfoʊkəl ˌæmiˈɑːtrəfi/), also known as Hirayama Disease, is a rare neurological disorder characterized by progressive weakness and atrophy of muscles in the hands and forearms. The term "benign" refers to the non-life-threatening nature of the condition, while "focal" indicates that the symptoms are localized to a specific area. "Amyotrophy" is derived from the Greek words "a-" (without), "myo-" (muscle), and "-trophy" (nourishment), thus meaning "without muscle nourishment."
Etymology
The term "Benign Focal Amyotrophy" is derived from the Latin "benignus" (kind, good), the Greek "fokos" (focus), and the Greek "amyotrophia" (muscle wasting). The disease is named after the Japanese neurologist Keizo Hirayama, who first described the condition in 1959.
Symptoms
The primary symptoms of Benign Focal Amyotrophy include weakness and wasting of the muscles in the hands and forearms, often more pronounced on one side. Other symptoms may include muscle cramps, tremors, and decreased hand grip strength.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Benign Focal Amyotrophy is typically based on clinical examination, electromyography (EMG), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is important to differentiate this condition from other neurological disorders such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA).
Treatment
There is currently no cure for Benign Focal Amyotrophy. Treatment is primarily supportive and may include physical therapy, occupational therapy, and the use of assistive devices to help manage symptoms.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Benign focal amyotrophy
- Wikipedia's article - Benign focal amyotrophy
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