Benzene ring
Benzene Ring
The Benzene Ring (pronunciation: /ˈbɛnziːn/), also known as a benzene molecule, is a fundamental structure in organic chemistry. It is a cyclic hydrocarbon with a chemical formula of C6H6, consisting of six carbon atoms joined in a planar ring, with one hydrogen atom attached to each carbon atom.
Etymology
The term "Benzene" is derived from "benzoin", a balsamic resin known since the 15th century as a product of Southeast Asia. The name was coined by the German chemist August Wilhelm von Hofmann in 1845.
Structure
The structure of the benzene ring is characterized by its perfect symmetry. It is a planar, cyclic, and completely conjugated system, which means that it has alternating single and double bonds. This unique structure gives the benzene ring its characteristic chemical stability and aromaticity.
Aromaticity
The term aromatic was assigned before the physical mechanism determining aromaticity was discovered; the term was coined as such simply because many of the compounds have a sweet scent. The configuration of six carbon and hydrogen atoms in the benzene ring results in a characteristic aroma, hence the term "aromatic compounds".
Related Terms
- Phenyl group: A functional group derived directly from the benzene ring.
- Toluene: A compound consisting of a benzene ring bonded to a methyl group.
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon: Hydrocarbons made up of multiple benzene rings.
- Aromatic hydrocarbon: Hydrocarbons containing one or more benzene rings.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Benzene ring
- Wikipedia's article - Benzene ring
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