Blink reflex
Blink reflex is a reflex action where the eyelid closes in response to a stimulus, such as an object coming towards the eye or a sudden bright light.
Pronunciation
Blink reflex is pronounced as /blɪŋk rɪˈflɛks/.
Etymology
The term "blink reflex" is derived from the English words "blink", which means to shut and open the eyes quickly, and "reflex", which refers to an involuntary and nearly instantaneous movement in response to a stimulus.
Mechanism
The blink reflex involves the trigeminal nerve and the facial nerve. The afferent limb of the reflex is mediated by the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve, while the efferent limb is mediated by the facial nerve. The reflex is controlled by the brainstem, specifically the pons and medulla.
Clinical significance
The blink reflex is often used in neurology to assess the integrity of the trigeminal and facial nerves. Abnormalities in the blink reflex can indicate damage to these nerves or to the brainstem. Conditions that can affect the blink reflex include Bell's palsy, Huntington's disease, and Parkinson's disease.
Related terms
- Corneal reflex: A type of blink reflex triggered by touching the cornea.
- Menace response: A blink reflex in response to a threatening movement.
- Photostimulation: The use of light to trigger a blink reflex.
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