Cavalry
Cavalry
Cavalry (pronounced: /ˈkavəlri/) is a type of military unit that traditionally uses mounted soldiers. The term is derived from the French word cavalerie, itself derived from "cheval" meaning horse.
Etymology
The word cavalry is derived from the French cavalerie, which was the branch of an army composed of soldiers who fought on horseback. The term itself is derived from the Old Italian cavalleria, from cavallo (horse), from Latin caballus.
History
The use of horse mounted soldiers in warfare dates back to antiquity. The effectiveness of cavalry in battle was greatly enhanced by the invention of the saddle and stirrups, which allowed a soldier to stay on a horse while fighting.
Types of Cavalry
There are several types of cavalry, including:
- Light Cavalry: Used for reconnaissance, skirmishing, and harassing the enemy's supply lines.
- Heavy Cavalry: Used for delivering a decisive blow to the enemy, often by charging.
- Dragoons: Originally mounted infantry who later became a type of cavalry.
- Hussars: A type of light cavalry used during the 18th and 19th centuries.
Modern Use
In modern warfare, the role of cavalry is generally filled by armored fighting vehicles and helicopters. However, some armies still maintain horse-mounted units for ceremonial purposes or for use in difficult terrain.
Related Terms
- Infantry: Soldiers who fight on foot.
- Artillery: Large-caliber guns used in warfare.
- Armored warfare: The use of armored fighting vehicles in warfare.
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