Domain (biology)
Domain (biology)
Domain (pronunciation: /doʊˈmeɪn/) in the context of biology, refers to the highest taxonomic rank in the hierarchical biological classification system, above the kingdom level. The term was first proposed by Carl Woese et al. in 1990. It is derived from the Latin dominus, meaning "lord" or "master".
There are three recognized domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
Bacteria
Bacteria (pronunciation: /bækˈtɪəriə/) are prokaryotic microorganisms. They are characterized by their lack of a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
Archaea
Archaea (pronunciation: /ɑːrˈkiːə/) are also prokaryotic, but they differ from bacteria in their genetic makeup and metabolism. They are known for their ability to survive in extreme environments.
Eukarya
Eukarya (pronunciation: /juːˈkɛəriə/) are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within a nuclear envelope. This domain includes organisms in the kingdoms Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, and Protista.
Related Terms
- Taxonomy: The science of classification, in biology the arrangement of organisms into a classification.
- Kingdom: The second highest taxonomic rank, below domain.
- Prokaryote: A unicellular organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane-bound organelle.
- Eukaryote: An organism whose cells contain a nucleus surrounded by a membrane and whose DNA is bound together by proteins into chromosomes.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Domain (biology)
- Wikipedia's article - Domain (biology)
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