Filtration
Filtration
Filtration (pronunciation: /fɪlˈtreɪʃən/) is a process that separates solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by adding a medium through which only the fluid can pass. The fluid that passes through is called the filtrate.
Etymology
The term "filtration" is derived from the Latin word filtrum meaning "felt", a material that was used in ancient times for straining liquids.
Related Terms
- Filter: A device or process that removes some unwanted substances or features from a stream of fluid.
- Filtrate: The liquid that has had particles removed by a filter.
- Sedimentation: The process of allowing particles in suspension in water to settle out of the suspension under the effect of gravity.
- Centrifugation: The process of separating a mixture by spinning it at high speed.
- Distillation: The process of purifying a liquid by heating and cooling.
- Adsorption: The adhesion of atoms, ions, or molecules from a gas, liquid, or dissolved solid to a surface.
Types of Filtration
There are several types of filtration. Each type uses a different method to separate the solids from the fluids. These include:
- Mechanical Filtration: This type of filtration traps particles from the water mechanically.
- Biological Filtration: This type of filtration uses beneficial bacteria to convert harmful chemicals into less harmful substances.
- Chemical Filtration: This type of filtration uses media to remove particles from the water chemically.
Applications in Medicine
Filtration has a wide range of applications in medicine. It is used in:
- Dialysis: In medicine, filtration is used in dialysis to remove waste products from the blood in people whose kidneys are not functioning properly.
- Air Filtration: Filtration is also used in air purification to remove harmful particles from the air.
- Water Filtration: Filtration is used in water treatment to remove harmful substances from water.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Filtration
- Wikipedia's article - Filtration
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