Fixed drug eruption

Fixed Drug Eruption

Fixed drug eruption (pronunciation: fikst drʌg ɪˈrʌpʃ(ə)n) is a specific type of adverse drug reaction that is characterized by the recurrence of lesions in the same location or locations each time a drug is administered.

Etymology

The term "fixed" refers to the recurrence of lesions at the same site, while "drug" refers to the causative agent and "eruption" refers to the skin reaction.

Definition

A fixed drug eruption is a cutaneous adverse drug reaction due to systemic exposure to a drug. The lesions recur at the same site or sites each time the drug is administered. Lesions may be single or multiple and usually start as sharply demarcated erythematous patches that evolve into edematous plaques or blisters.

Causes

Fixed drug eruptions are caused by a hypersensitivity reaction to a specific drug. The most common drugs causing fixed drug eruptions include antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and anticonvulsants.

Symptoms

Symptoms of fixed drug eruption include a burning or stinging sensation, and the development of a red, circular patch of skin that may become blistered and then darken to a purple or brown color. The lesions usually occur within hours of taking the drug.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of fixed drug eruption is primarily based on the clinical history and physical examination. A skin biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis. In some cases, a patch test or oral provocation test may be used.

Treatment

Treatment involves discontinuation of the causative drug and symptomatic treatment of the skin lesions. In severe cases, systemic corticosteroids may be used.

Related Terms

• Adverse drug reaction
• Antibiotics
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
• Anticonvulsants
• Skin biopsy
• Patch test
• Oral provocation test
• Corticosteroids

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Fixed drug eruption
• Wikipedia's article - Fixed drug eruption

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