G protein-gated ion channel

G protein-gated ion channels (GICs), also known as G protein-coupled ion channels or G protein-activated ion channels (GAICs), are a family of transmembrane ion channels in cells that are activated by direct binding of G proteins. They are a key component in various biological functions including synaptic transmission and the regulation of heart rate.

Pronunciation

G protein-gated ion channel: /ˈdʒiː ˈproʊtiːn ˈɡeɪtɪd ˈaɪɒn ˈtʃænəl/

Etymology

The term "G protein" refers to the class of proteins involved, known as guanine nucleotide-binding proteins. The "gated ion channel" part of the name refers to the method of activation of these channels, which involves the opening and closing (or "gating") of the channel in response to the binding of G proteins.

Related Terms

G protein: A family of proteins involved in transmitting chemical signals from the outside of a cell to its interior.
Ion channel: Pore-forming membrane proteins that allow ions to pass through the channel pore.
Transmembrane protein: A type of protein that spans the entirety of the biological membrane to which it is permanently attached.
Synaptic transmission: The process by which neurons send signals to each other.
Heart rate: The speed of the heartbeat measured by the number of contractions (beats) of the heart per minute (bpm).

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on G protein-gated ion channel
Wikipedia's article - G protein-gated ion channel

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G protein-gated ion channel