Gender-affirming surgery
Gender-affirming surgery
Gender-affirming surgery (IPA: /ˈdʒɛndər əˈfɜːrmɪŋ ˈsɜːrdʒəri/), also known as sex reassignment surgery or gender reassignment surgery, is a term used to describe surgical procedures that change the physical appearance and function of sexual characteristics to match a person's identified or experienced gender identity.
Etymology
The term "gender-affirming surgery" is derived from the English words "gender", "affirming", and "surgery". "Gender" (from Latin 'genus') refers to the state of being male or female, typically used with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones. "Affirming" (from Latin 'affirmare') means to state as a fact; assert strongly and publicly. "Surgery" (from Greek 'cheirourgia') means hand work, referring to any procedure that involves physically changing the body with instruments.
Types of Gender-affirming surgery
Gender-affirming surgery can be divided into different types, including:
- Top surgery: This involves breast augmentation or mastectomy to create a physical appearance that aligns with a person's gender identity.
- Bottom surgery: This includes procedures such as vaginoplasty, phalloplasty, metoidioplasty, and others that alter the genitals to match a person's gender identity.
- Facial feminization surgery or Facial masculinization surgery: These surgeries alter the face to make it appear more typically female or male.
Related Terms
- Gender dysphoria: A psychological condition where a person experiences discomfort or distress because there's a mismatch between their biological sex and gender identity.
- Transitioning (transgender): The process of changing one's gender presentation and/or sex characteristics to accord with one's internal sense of gender identity.
- Hormone replacement therapy (transgender): The use of hormones to develop secondary sexual characteristics that align with a person's gender identity.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Gender-affirming surgery
- Wikipedia's article - Gender-affirming surgery
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