Gene dosage
Gene Dosage
Gene dosage (/dɒsɪdʒ/; from the Greek dosage, meaning "a portion") refers to the number of copies of a particular gene present in a genome. It is a fundamental concept in genetics and genomic medicine, as it can influence the phenotype of an organism.
Etymology
The term "gene dosage" is derived from the Greek word dosage, which means "a portion". It was first used in the context of genetics in the early 20th century to describe the effect of the number of gene copies on the phenotype of an organism.
Definition
Gene dosage is the number of copies of a specific gene in a genome. It can vary due to genetic variation such as copy number variation (CNV) and aneuploidy. The effect of gene dosage is often seen in dosage-sensitive genes, where changes in the number of gene copies can lead to phenotypic changes.
Related Terms
- Dosage Compensation: A mechanism that equalizes the expression of X-linked genes in males and females.
- Dosage Effect: The effect of the number of copies of a gene on the phenotype of an organism.
- Gene Duplication: An event that increases gene dosage by creating a copy of a gene.
- Gene Deletion: An event that decreases gene dosage by removing a copy of a gene.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Gene dosage
- Wikipedia's article - Gene dosage
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