HIV integration
HIV Integration
HIV integration (pronunciation: /ˌeɪtʃ.aɪˈviː ˌɪntɪˈɡreɪʃən/) is a critical step in the HIV replication cycle. It refers to the process by which the viral genome of the HIV virus is integrated into the host cell's DNA.
Etymology
The term 'HIV integration' is derived from the acronym HIV, which stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and the word 'integration', which in this context refers to the incorporation of one entity into another.
Process
HIV integration begins after the virus has entered a host cell. The viral RNA is reverse transcribed into DNA by the viral enzyme reverse transcriptase. This newly formed viral DNA is then transported into the cell's nucleus where it is integrated into the host cell's DNA by another viral enzyme called integrase. This process allows the virus to effectively hide within the host cell and evade the immune system.
Related Terms
- Reverse transcription: The process by which the HIV virus converts its RNA into DNA.
- Integrase: The viral enzyme that facilitates the integration of the viral DNA into the host cell's DNA.
- Provirus: The integrated viral DNA that is capable of producing new virus particles.
- Antiretroviral therapy: A treatment method that targets different stages of the HIV lifecycle, including integration.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on HIV integration
- Wikipedia's article - HIV integration
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