Hazardous substances
Hazardous Substances
Hazardous substances (/ˈhæzərdəs ˈsʌbstənsɪz/) are materials that have the potential to cause harm to humans, animals, or the environment. They can be found in various forms such as solids, liquids, gases, or aerosols.
Etymology
The term "hazardous" originates from the late Middle English word "hazard", which is derived from the Old French "hasard", meaning chance or accident. The term "substance" comes from the Latin "substantia", meaning essence or material.
Types of Hazardous Substances
There are several types of hazardous substances, including:
- Chemical substances: These are substances with a distinct molecular composition that are produced by or used in a chemical process.
- Biological substances: These are substances that pose a threat to the health of living organisms, primarily that of humans.
- Radioactive substances: These are substances that emit radiation.
- Flammable substances: These are substances that can ignite easily and burn rapidly.
Exposure to Hazardous Substances
Exposure to hazardous substances can occur through inhalation, skin contact, ingestion, or eye contact. The effects of exposure can range from minor irritation to serious health problems such as cancer, reproductive issues, and organ damage.
Prevention and Control
Prevention and control of exposure to hazardous substances can be achieved through various methods such as:
- Risk assessment: This involves identifying the hazards, evaluating the risks, and implementing control measures.
- Personal protective equipment (PPE): This includes items such as gloves, masks, and protective clothing that are designed to protect the wearer from exposure to hazardous substances.
- Training and education: This involves providing information and instruction to workers about the hazards and control measures associated with hazardous substances.
Related Terms
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