Heteroplasmy
Heteroplasmy
Heteroplasmy (pronunciation: /ˌhɛtəˈroʊplæzmi/) is a term used in genetics to describe the presence of more than one type of genetic sequence in the mitochondria of a single cell.
Etymology
The term 'Heteroplasmy' is derived from the Greek words 'heteros' meaning different and 'plasma' meaning something formed or molded.
Definition
Heteroplasmy is a condition in which a cell contains both normal and mutated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). This can occur as a result of mutations in the mtDNA during the process of cell division. The proportion of mutated to normal mtDNA can vary between cells and tissues within the same individual, leading to a wide range of potential phenotypic outcomes.
Related Terms
- Homoplasmy: A condition in which all copies of mitochondrial DNA in a cell are identical.
- Mitochondrial DNA: The DNA located in mitochondria, structures within cells that convert the energy from food into a form that cells can use.
- Mutation: A change in a DNA sequence, usually occurring because of errors in replication or repair.
- Phenotype: The observable physical properties of an organism; these include the organism's appearance, development, and behavior.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Heteroplasmy
- Wikipedia's article - Heteroplasmy
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