Heterotopic ossification
Heterotopic Ossification
Heterotopic ossification (pronunciation: het-er-oh-top-ik os-si-fi-kay-shun) is a pathological process where bone tissue forms outside the skeletal system.
Etymology
The term "heterotopic ossification" is derived from the Greek words "heteros" meaning different, "topos" meaning place, and "ossification" from the Latin "os" meaning bone and "ficare" meaning to make. Thus, it refers to the formation of bone in abnormal locations.
Definition
Heterotopic ossification is a condition characterized by the abnormal growth of bone in non-skeletal tissues including muscle, tendons, or other soft tissues. This can cause pain, swelling, and limited range of motion in the affected areas.
Causes
Heterotopic ossification can occur as a result of various conditions or factors, including traumatic brain injuries, spinal cord injuries, burns, hip surgeries, and certain genetic disorders such as Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP).
Symptoms
Symptoms of heterotopic ossification may include pain, swelling, warmth, and decreased range of motion in the affected area. In severe cases, it can lead to joint contractures and loss of function.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of heterotopic ossification typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, and imaging studies such as x-rays, CT scans, or MRI.
Treatment
Treatment options for heterotopic ossification may include physical therapy, medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and in severe cases, surgical removal of the heterotopic bone.
Related Terms
- Ossification
- Endochondral Ossification
- Intramembranous Ossification
- Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Heterotopic ossification
- Wikipedia's article - Heterotopic ossification
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