Horizontal transmission
Horizontal transmission (pronunciation: /hɔːrɪˈzɒntəl trænsˈmɪʃən/) is a term used in the field of epidemiology to describe the transfer of pathogens or genetic material from one individual to another within the same generation or peer group. It is contrasted with vertical transmission, where pathogens or genetic material are transferred from parent to offspring.
Etymology
The term "horizontal transmission" is derived from the concept of a horizontal plane, indicating a transfer that occurs across a generation or peer group, rather than vertically from parent to offspring.
Types of Horizontal Transmission
There are several types of horizontal transmission, including:
- Direct transmission: This occurs when the pathogen is transferred directly from one individual to another. This can occur through physical contact, droplet spread, or sexual contact.
- Indirect transmission: This occurs when the pathogen is transferred from one individual to another via an intermediary, such as a vector (like a mosquito), a fomite (an inanimate object), or the environment.
- Airborne transmission: This occurs when pathogens are carried by dust or droplet nuclei suspended in the air.
Related Terms
- Infectious disease
- Epidemiology
- Pathogen
- Genetic material
- Direct transmission
- Indirect transmission
- Airborne transmission
- Vertical transmission
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Horizontal transmission
- Wikipedia's article - Horizontal transmission
This WikiMD dictionary article is a stub. You can help make it a full article.
Languages: - East Asian
中文,
日本,
한국어,
South Asian
हिन्दी,
Urdu,
বাংলা,
తెలుగు,
தமிழ்,
ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian
Indonesian,
Vietnamese,
Thai,
မြန်မာဘာသာ,
European
español,
Deutsch,
français,
русский,
português do Brasil,
Italian,
polski