Keratin 5
Keratin 5
Keratin 5 (pronounced: kuh-RA-tin five) is a type of keratin protein that is primarily found in the basal layer of the epithelium, specifically in the epidermis of the skin. It is encoded by the KRT5 gene in humans.
Etymology
The term "Keratin" is derived from the Greek word "κέρας" (keras), meaning "horn". This is a reference to the hard, horn-like material that keratin proteins can form. The number 5 in Keratin 5 refers to its classification in the keratin family, which is based on the molecular structure and sequence of the protein.
Function
Keratin 5, along with Keratin 14, forms the cytoskeleton of basal cells in the skin. These keratins provide structural integrity to the cells and help them resist mechanical stress. Mutations in the KRT5 gene can lead to skin disorders such as Epidermolysis bullosa simplex, a condition characterized by fragile skin that blisters easily.
Related Terms
- Keratin: A family of fibrous structural proteins that are key structural materials in the outer layer of human skin. They are also found in hair and nails.
- Epithelium: The thin layer of tissue that covers organs, glands, and other structures within the body.
- Epidermis: The outermost layer of the skin.
- Basal cells: Cells found in the lowest layer of the epidermis.
- Epidermolysis bullosa simplex: A genetic condition caused by mutations in the KRT5 or KRT14 gene, leading to fragile skin that blisters easily.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Keratin 5
- Wikipedia's article - Keratin 5
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