Kussmaul's sign
Kussmaul's sign (pronounced: koos-mowlz sign) is a medical term named after the German physician Adolf Kussmaul, who first described this clinical sign. It refers to an abnormal increase in jugular venous pressure during inspiration that occurs in some conditions affecting the right side of the heart.
Etymology
The term "Kussmaul's sign" is derived from the name of its discoverer, Adolf Kussmaul, a prominent German physician in the 19th century. He made several significant contributions to the field of medicine, including the description of this particular sign.
Definition
Kussmaul's sign is a paradoxical rise in jugular venous pressure (JVP) on inspiration, or a failure in the normal decrease in JVP on inspiration. It is a sign of right atrial or ventricular dysfunction and is seen in conditions such as constrictive pericarditis, restrictive cardiomyopathy, and right ventricular infarction.
Related Terms
- Jugular venous pressure: The indirectly observed pressure over the venous system via visualization of the internal jugular vein.
- Constrictive pericarditis: A medical condition characterized by a thickened, fibrotic pericardium, limiting the heart's ability to function normally.
- Restrictive cardiomyopathy: A form of cardiomyopathy in which the walls of the heart are rigid, and the heart is restricted from stretching and filling with blood properly.
- Right ventricular infarction: A type of myocardial infarction affecting the right ventricle of the heart.
See Also
- Adolf Kussmaul
- Jugular venous pressure
- Constrictive pericarditis
- Restrictive cardiomyopathy
- Right ventricular infarction
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Kussmaul's sign
- Wikipedia's article - Kussmaul's sign
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