Landau-Kleffner syndrome

Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS) is a rare, childhood neurological syndrome.

Pronunciation

Landau-Kleffner syndrome is pronounced as Lan-dow Klef-ner sin-drome.

Etymology

The syndrome is named after Dr. William M. Landau and Dr. Frank R. Kleffner, who first reported the condition in 1957.

Definition

Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS) is a rare, childhood neurological syndrome characterized by the sudden or gradual development of aphasia (the inability to understand or express language) and an abnormal electro-encephalogram (EEG). LKS affects the parts of the brain that control comprehension and speech.

Symptoms

The syndrome often occurs in children between the ages of 3 and 7 years. Typically, children with LKS develop normally but then lose their ability to understand and use spoken language. All children with LKS have abnormal EEGs that demonstrate a specific pattern of brain waves.

Causes

The cause of Landau-Kleffner syndrome is unknown. It is not typically inherited, although genetic factors may make a child more susceptible to the condition. Some researchers believe it may be an autoimmune disorder.

Treatment

Treatment for LKS usually involves medications, such as corticosteroids or anticonvulsants, to control seizures and improve language skills. In some cases, a treatment called auditory verbal therapy may be used.

Prognosis

The prognosis for children with LKS varies. Some children may have a permanent severe language disorder, while others may regain much of their language abilities.

Related Terms

• Aphasia
• EEG
• Auditory Verbal Therapy
• Autoimmune disorder
• Anticonvulsants
• Corticosteroids

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Landau-Kleffner syndrome
• Wikipedia's article - Landau-Kleffner syndrome

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