Lipogenesis
Lipogenesis
Lipogenesis (/ˌlaɪpoʊˈdʒɛnɪsɪs/; from the Greek words lipos meaning fat and genesis meaning creation) is the process by which simple sugars such as glucose are converted to fatty acids, which are subsequently esterified to glycerol to form the triacylglycerols that are packaged in VLDL and secreted from the liver.
Etymology
The term "Lipogenesis" is derived from the Greek words lipos which means fat and genesis which means creation. Thus, the term literally means the creation of fat.
Process
Lipogenesis primarily occurs in the liver and adipose tissue, where energy is stored in the form of fatty acids for later use. The process begins with acetyl-CoA, which is converted into malonyl-CoA by the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase. This is the rate-limiting step in the process of lipogenesis.
Regulation
Lipogenesis is regulated by several hormones, including insulin, glucagon, and cortisol. Insulin promotes lipogenesis, while glucagon and cortisol inhibit it. In addition, dietary factors such as carbohydrate and fat intake can also influence the rate of lipogenesis.
Related Terms
- Lipolysis: The breakdown of fats and other lipids to release fatty acids.
- Gluconeogenesis: The process of producing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources.
- Glycolysis: The metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Lipogenesis
- Wikipedia's article - Lipogenesis
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