Marburg virus disease
Marburg Virus Disease
Marburg virus disease (pronunciation: /ˈmɑːrbɜːrg ˈvaɪrəs diːˈziːz/) is a highly infectious and deadly disease caused by a virus from the same family as the one that causes Ebola virus disease. Both diseases are rare, but have the capability to cause large outbreaks.
Etymology
The disease is named after Marburg, a city in Germany, where the virus was first identified in 1967 during outbreaks in laboratories working with African green monkeys imported from Uganda.
Symptoms
Marburg virus disease starts suddenly with a high fever, severe headache, and severe malaise. Muscle aches and pains are common, and are often accompanied by a rash on the trunk. As the disease progresses, severe weight loss, dehydration, abdominal pain, and diarrhea may occur. In severe cases, the disease can cause jaundice, inflammation of the pancreas, severe weight loss, delirium, shock, liver failure, and multi-organ dysfunction.
Transmission
Marburg virus is transmitted to people from fruit bats and spreads among humans through human-to-human transmission. The Marburg virus is transmitted through close contact with the blood, secretions, organs or other bodily fluids of infected animals.
Treatment
There is no specific treatment for Marburg virus disease. Treatment is supportive and includes balancing the patient’s fluids and electrolytes, maintaining their oxygen status and blood pressure, and treating them for any complicating infections.
Prevention
Prevention includes reducing the risk of wildlife-to-human transmission and human-to-human transmission. Protective measures include wearing protective clothing and avoiding close contact with patients.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Marburg virus disease
- Wikipedia's article - Marburg virus disease
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