Melarsoprol
Melarsoprol
Melarsoprol (pronunciation: mel-ar-so-prol) is a medication primarily used in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis, also known as sleeping sickness. It is specifically used for late-stage disease, which involves the central nervous system.
Etymology
The term "Melarsoprol" is derived from its chemical composition. It is an organometallic compound containing arsenic, and the prefix "Mel" is derived from Melarsen Oxide, an arsenic-containing compound used in its synthesis.
Usage
Melarsoprol is administered intravenously and is the only effective treatment for late-stage African trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. It is also used in cases of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense when other treatments are ineffective.
Side Effects
The use of Melarsoprol can lead to several side effects, including fever, nausea, vomiting, headache, and hypertension. In severe cases, it can cause a potentially fatal reaction known as Melarsoprol-induced encephalopathy.
Related Terms
- Trypanosoma brucei: The parasite that causes African trypanosomiasis.
- Pentamidine: An alternative medication used in the early stages of the disease.
- Suramin: Another medication used in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis.
- Eflornithine: A safer, but less widely available, alternative to Melarsoprol.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Melarsoprol
- Wikipedia's article - Melarsoprol
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