Microcystic adnexal carcinoma

Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (pronunciation: mi-kro-sis-tik ad-nek-sal kar-si-no-ma) is a rare, locally aggressive cutaneous neoplasm that primarily affects the face. It is thought to originate from sweat glands or other related structures in the skin.

Etymology

The term "Microcystic adnexal carcinoma" is derived from the Greek words "micros" (small), "kystis" (bladder), "adnexa" (appendages), and "carcinoma" (cancer). The term refers to the small, cyst-like structures seen in this type of skin cancer, which is thought to arise from the appendages of the skin, such as sweat glands.

Clinical Presentation

Microcystic adnexal carcinoma typically presents as a solitary, skin-colored or slightly erythematous plaque or nodule on the face, particularly the upper lip or nose. The lesion may be indurated and fixed to underlying structures, and it often extends much deeper and wider than is clinically apparent.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of microcystic adnexal carcinoma is made by biopsy and histopathologic examination. The tumor is characterized by small, cystic spaces filled with keratinous material, as well as cords and nests of basaloid cells extending into the dermis and subcutaneous tissue.

Treatment

Treatment of microcystic adnexal carcinoma typically involves wide local excision with clear margins. Mohs micrographic surgery is often used to ensure complete removal of the tumor while sparing as much healthy tissue as possible. Radiation therapy may be used in cases where surgery is not feasible or in cases of recurrence.

Prognosis

While microcystic adnexal carcinoma is slow-growing and metastasis is rare, the tumor is locally aggressive and can cause significant tissue destruction and disfigurement. Recurrence is common, particularly if the tumor is not completely removed.

Related Terms

• Cutaneous neoplasm
• Sweat glands
• Biopsy
• Mohs micrographic surgery
• Radiation therapy

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Microcystic adnexal carcinoma
• Wikipedia's article - Microcystic adnexal carcinoma

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