Micrognathia
Micrognathia (pronounced: mi·cro·gna·thia, /ˌmaɪkrəʊˈnæθiə/) is a medical condition characterized by an abnormally small jaw, specifically the mandible. The term is derived from the Greek words "micros" meaning small, and "gnathos" meaning jaw.
Definition
Micrognathia is a condition where the lower jaw (mandible) is significantly smaller than normal. This can lead to difficulties with feeding, breathing, and speech. It is often detected at birth or during early childhood.
Causes
Micrognathia can be caused by a variety of genetic conditions, including Pierre Robin sequence, Treacher Collins syndrome, and Progeria. It can also occur as a result of environmental factors during pregnancy, such as maternal drug use or exposure to radiation.
Symptoms
The primary symptom of micrognathia is a noticeably smaller lower jaw. Other symptoms can include difficulties with feeding, breathing problems, and speech difficulties. In severe cases, it can lead to sleep apnea.
Treatment
Treatment for micrognathia depends on the severity of the condition and the presence of associated symptoms. It can range from nonsurgical treatments such as special feeding techniques or speech therapy, to surgical interventions to increase the size of the jaw.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Micrognathia
- Wikipedia's article - Micrognathia
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