Neuroenhancement
Neuroenhancement
Neuroenhancement (pronounced: /ˌnʊəroʊ.ɪnˈhænsmənt/) refers to the targeted enhancement and extension of cognitive and affective abilities based on an understanding of neural substrates in the human brain.
Etymology
The term "neuroenhancement" is derived from the Greek word "neuron" meaning nerve and the English word "enhancement" meaning to raise to a higher degree or to increase the value or desirability of.
Definition
Neuroenhancement is the use of drugs and/or other means such as brain stimulation techniques to improve the cognitive, affective, and motoric performance of an individual. It is a form of cognitive enhancement that specifically targets the neural substrates of the brain.
Types of Neuroenhancement
There are several types of neuroenhancement, including:
- Pharmacological Neuroenhancement: This involves the use of nootropics, also known as "smart drugs", to improve cognitive abilities such as memory, attention, and creativity.
- Non-pharmacological Neuroenhancement: This includes techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) which are used to stimulate specific areas of the brain to improve cognitive abilities.
Related Terms
- Cognitive Enhancement
- Nootropics
- Brain Stimulation
- Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Neuroenhancement
- Wikipedia's article - Neuroenhancement
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