Nuclear pore
Nuclear pore
Nuclear pore (pronunciation: /ˈnjuː.kli.ər pɔːr/) is a protein-lined channel in the nuclear envelope that regulates the transportation of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells.
Etymology
The term "nuclear pore" is derived from the Latin nucleus meaning "kernel, seed" and the Old English pore meaning "an opening".
Function
Nuclear pores allow the transport of water-soluble molecules across the nuclear envelope. This transport includes RNA and proteins moving from nucleus to the cytoplasm and proteins (such as DNA polymerase and lamins), carbohydrates, lipids, and signaling molecules moving from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.
Structure
The nuclear pore is composed of proteins, known as nucleoporins. Each nuclear pore is made up of approximately 30 different types of nucleoporins, which together form the nuclear pore complex. The complex has a ring-shaped structure with eightfold symmetry.
Related Terms
- Nuclear envelope: The double lipid bilayer that encloses the genetic material in eukaryotic cells.
- Nucleus: The organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains the genetic material.
- Cytoplasm: The material within a cell, excluding the cell nucleus.
- Nucleoporins: The family of proteins that make up the nuclear pore complex.
- Nuclear pore complex: The large protein complex that forms the nuclear pore.
- DNA polymerase: An enzyme that synthesizes DNA molecules from deoxyribonucleotides.
- Lamins: The type of intermediate filament protein that provides structural function to the nuclear envelope.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Nuclear pore
- Wikipedia's article - Nuclear pore
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