Nuclease
Nuclease
Nuclease (/ˈnjuːkleɪs/) is a type of enzyme that is capable of cleaving the phosphodiester bonds between the nucleotide subunits of nucleic acids.
Etymology
The term "nuclease" is derived from "nucleic acid" and the suffix "-ase" which is used to form names of enzymes.
Function
Nucleases play a crucial role in many biological processes, including DNA replication, DNA repair, and RNA processing. They are categorized into two main types: endonucleases and exonucleases. Endonucleases cleave bonds within a nucleic acid chain, while exonucleases remove nucleotides from the ends of these chains.
Related Terms
- Endonuclease: A type of nuclease that breaks phosphodiester bonds within a nucleic acid chain.
- Exonuclease: A type of nuclease that removes nucleotides from the ends of a nucleic acid chain.
- DNase: A type of nuclease that specifically acts on DNA.
- RNase: A type of nuclease that specifically acts on RNA.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Nuclease
- Wikipedia's article - Nuclease
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