Oncolytic adenovirus
Oncolytic Adenovirus
Oncolytic adenovirus (pronunciation: on-co-ly-tic ad-e-no-vi-rus) is a type of virus that has been genetically modified to kill cancer cells. The term is derived from the Greek words 'onkos' meaning mass or tumor, 'lysis' meaning loosening or to unbind, and 'adenos' meaning gland.
History
The concept of using viruses as a form of cancer therapy was first proposed in the 19th century. However, it was not until the late 20th century that the first oncolytic adenovirus, Onyx-015, was developed.
Mechanism of Action
Oncolytic adenoviruses work by selectively replicating in and killing cancer cells. They do this by exploiting the fact that cancer cells often have impaired antiviral defenses, allowing the virus to replicate more efficiently in these cells than in normal, healthy cells.
Clinical Use
Oncolytic adenoviruses are currently being investigated in clinical trials for a variety of cancers, including head and neck cancer, lung cancer, and colorectal cancer. The most well-known oncolytic adenovirus is H101, which was approved in China in 2005 for the treatment of head and neck cancer.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Oncolytic adenovirus
- Wikipedia's article - Oncolytic adenovirus
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