Orthostatic intolerance
Orthostatic Intolerance
Orthostatic intolerance (pronounced: or-tho-STAT-ic in-TOL-er-ance) is a term that is used to describe abnormal responses to upright posture. It is often associated with the autonomic nervous system, which controls the body's automatic functions such as heart rate and blood pressure.
Etymology
The term "orthostatic" is derived from the Greek words "orthos," meaning straight or upright, and "statikos," meaning causing to stand. "Intolerance" comes from the Latin "intolerantia," meaning inability to endure or withstand.
Symptoms
Symptoms of orthostatic intolerance can include dizziness, fainting, and rapid heartbeat (tachycardia). These symptoms are typically triggered by standing up from a lying or sitting position, and can be relieved by lying down.
Causes
Orthostatic intolerance can be caused by a variety of conditions, including Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS), neurally mediated hypotension (NMH), and vasovagal syncope. It can also be a side effect of certain medications, or a symptom of dehydration or prolonged bed rest.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of orthostatic intolerance typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and tests such as a tilt table test or a standing test. These tests measure changes in heart rate and blood pressure when the patient changes position.
Treatment
Treatment for orthostatic intolerance can include lifestyle changes, such as increasing fluid and salt intake, wearing compression stockings, and doing physical therapy exercises. Medications may also be prescribed to help regulate blood pressure and heart rate.
Related Terms
- Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS)
- Neurally mediated hypotension (NMH)
- Vasovagal syncope
- Autonomic nervous system
- Tilt table test
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Orthostatic intolerance
- Wikipedia's article - Orthostatic intolerance
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