P2Y receptor
P2Y Receptor
The P2Y receptor (pronounced "P two Y receptor") is a type of purinergic receptor, specifically a family of G protein-coupled receptors. These receptors are activated by adenosine and uridine nucleotides.
Etymology
The term "P2Y" is derived from the classification of purinergic receptors into two categories: P1, which are responsive to adenosine, and P2, which are responsive to ATP. The "Y" in P2Y indicates that these receptors are G protein-coupled.
Function
P2Y receptors are found in a variety of tissues throughout the body and play a role in many physiological processes. They are involved in the regulation of platelet aggregation, inflammation, neurotransmission, and cell proliferation.
Subtypes
There are eight known subtypes of the P2Y receptor: P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y6, P2Y11, P2Y12, P2Y13, and P2Y14. Each subtype is activated by different nucleotides and has different physiological roles.
P2Y1
The P2Y1 receptor is activated by ADP and plays a role in platelet aggregation.
P2Y2
The P2Y2 receptor is activated by both ATP and UTP and is involved in the regulation of epithelial cell function.
P2Y4
The P2Y4 receptor is activated by UTP and is found in the immune system, where it plays a role in immune response.
P2Y6
The P2Y6 receptor is activated by UDP and is involved in the regulation of immune response and inflammation.
P2Y11
The P2Y11 receptor is activated by ATP and has a role in immune response and cell proliferation.
P2Y12
The P2Y12 receptor is activated by ADP and is involved in platelet aggregation.
P2Y13
The P2Y13 receptor is activated by ADP and has a role in the regulation of lipid metabolism.
P2Y14
The P2Y14 receptor is activated by UDP-glucose and UDP-galactose and is involved in immune response.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on P2Y receptor
- Wikipedia's article - P2Y receptor
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