Panayiotopoulos syndrome
Panayiotopoulos syndrome (pronounced: pah-nah-yo-toh-poh-lus sin-drohm) is a relatively common epilepsy syndrome that affects children, typically between the ages of 3 and 6. It is named after Chrysostomos Panayiotopoulos, a Greek neurologist who first described the syndrome in 1988.
Definition
Panayiotopoulos syndrome is a type of benign childhood epilepsy characterized by seizures that often occur during sleep and are associated with autonomic symptoms. The seizures are often prolonged, lasting for more than 5 minutes, and can sometimes last for up to an hour.
Symptoms
The most common symptoms of Panayiotopoulos syndrome include nausea, vomiting, pallor, and eye deviation. Other symptoms can include myoclonus, ataxia, and aphasia. The seizures are often followed by a period of confusion or sleep.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of Panayiotopoulos syndrome is based on the clinical symptoms and electroencephalogram (EEG) findings. The EEG typically shows a pattern of high-amplitude sharp-slow wave complexes.
Treatment
The treatment of Panayiotopoulos syndrome is usually with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). The choice of AED is based on the individual patient's symptoms and response to treatment. In some cases, the seizures may resolve without treatment.
Prognosis
The prognosis for Panayiotopoulos syndrome is generally good. Most children outgrow the syndrome by the age of 12. However, some children may continue to have seizures into adulthood.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Panayiotopoulos syndrome
- Wikipedia's article - Panayiotopoulos syndrome
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