Paroxysmal dyskinesia
Paroxysmal Dyskinesia
Paroxysmal dyskinesia (pronunciation: puh-rok-siz-muhl dis-ki-nee-zhuh) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by irregular episodes of abnormal involuntary movements.
Etymology
The term "paroxysmal" is derived from the Greek word "paroxysmos", which means "irritation" or "exacerbation". "Dyskinesia" is also of Greek origin, with "dys-" meaning "bad" or "difficult", and "-kinesia" referring to "movement".
Definition
Paroxysmal dyskinesia is a group of movement disorders that occur suddenly, unpredictably, and episodically. The movements can be rapid and jerky (dystonia) or slow and writhing (athetosis). These episodes can last from a few minutes to several hours.
Types
There are three main types of paroxysmal dyskinesia:
- Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD)
- Paroxysmal nonkinesigenic dyskinesia (PNKD)
- Paroxysmal exertion-induced dyskinesia (PED)
Symptoms
Symptoms of paroxysmal dyskinesia can vary greatly depending on the type and severity of the condition. Common symptoms include involuntary movements, muscle spasms, and difficulty with coordination and balance.
Causes
The exact cause of paroxysmal dyskinesia is unknown, but it is thought to be related to abnormalities in the way the brain controls movement. Some cases have been linked to genetic mutations.
Treatment
Treatment for paroxysmal dyskinesia typically involves medications to control symptoms. In some cases, surgery may be recommended.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Paroxysmal dyskinesia
- Wikipedia's article - Paroxysmal dyskinesia
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