Patent foramen ovale
Patent Foramen Ovale
Patent foramen ovale (PFO) (/ˈpeɪtənt fəˈreɪmən oʊˈveɪliː/) is a hole in the heart that didn't close the way it should after birth.
Etymology
The term "patent foramen ovale" comes from Latin, where "patent" means open, "foramen" means hole or opening, and "ovale" refers to the oval shape of the hole.
Definition
A Patent foramen ovale is a condition where the foramen ovale, a hole in the heart that is present at birth, fails to close naturally soon after a person is born. This condition can lead to blood flow between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart.
Symptoms
Most people with a Patent foramen ovale have no signs or symptoms. However, if a clot forms, travels to the brain and causes a blockage, symptoms of a stroke may occur. These can include sudden numbness or weakness, confusion, trouble speaking or understanding speech, trouble seeing, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination, and sudden severe headache.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of a Patent foramen ovale can be challenging because there are often no symptoms. It is usually discovered during tests for other problems. Diagnostic tests can include an echocardiogram, transesophageal echocardiogram, or a bubble study.
Treatment
Treatment for a Patent foramen ovale depends on the individual's symptoms and overall health. Options can include medication to reduce the risk of blood clots, or a procedure to close the PFO.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Patent foramen ovale
- Wikipedia's article - Patent foramen ovale
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