Picornaviridae
Picornaviridae (pronounced: pico-rna-viridae) is a family of viruses in the order Picornavirales, which infects various hosts, including humans, animals, and plants.
Etymology
The name "Picornaviridae" is derived from "pico," meaning small in Spanish, and "RNA," referring to the type of genetic material these viruses contain.
Structure
Picornaviridae are non-enveloped viruses with an icosahedral capsid. The genome is a single-stranded RNA, positive-sense, with a size of about 7.5 kb.
Classification
The family Picornaviridae includes a number of important genera such as Enterovirus, Rhinovirus, Hepatovirus, and Aphthovirus. Each of these genera includes various species of viruses that cause diseases in humans and animals.
Diseases
Picornaviridae are responsible for a wide range of diseases. For example, the Enterovirus genus includes the polioviruses which cause poliomyelitis. The Rhinovirus genus is a major cause of the common cold. The Hepatovirus genus includes Hepatitis A virus which causes hepatitis.
Prevention and Treatment
Prevention of Picornaviridae infections is primarily through vaccination, where available, and good hygiene practices. Treatment is generally supportive, as there are currently no antiviral drugs approved for the treatment of Picornaviridae infections.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Picornaviridae
- Wikipedia's article - Picornaviridae
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