Plumage

Plumage

Plumage (/ˈpluːmɪdʒ/), derived from the Old French plume meaning "feather", refers to the layer of feathers that cover a bird and the pattern, color, and arrangement of those feathers. The term is used in the field of ornithology to describe the physical appearance of birds, which can vary greatly among species.

Etymology

The term "plumage" is derived from the Old French plume which means "feather". The term was first used in English in the 14th century.

Types of Plumage

There are several types of plumage that vary among bird species. These include:

• Juvenile Plumage: The first set of feathers grown by a bird after it has hatched.
• Basic Plumage: The default set of feathers on a bird that are not influenced by breeding or molting seasons.
• Alternate Plumage: A set of feathers that some birds grow during the breeding season.
• Molt: The process of shedding old feathers and growing new ones.

Function of Plumage

Plumage serves several functions in birds. These include:

• Thermoregulation: Feathers provide insulation that helps birds regulate their body temperature.
• Camouflage: The color and pattern of a bird's plumage can help it blend in with its environment and avoid predators.
• Courtship: Some birds have brightly colored or elaborate plumage that they use to attract mates.

Related Terms

• Feather: The individual component of a bird's plumage.
• Preening: The act of a bird cleaning and arranging its feathers.
• Molt: The process of shedding old feathers and growing new ones.

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