Purgative
Purgative
Purgative (/pɜːrɡətɪv/), also known as a cathartic, is a substance that accelerates defecation. This term is often used in a metaphorical sense to describe something that purges or cleanses.
Etymology
The term "purgative" originates from the Latin word "purgativus", which means "cleansing". It is derived from the verb "purgare", which means "to cleanse" or "to purge".
Usage
Purgatives are used in medicine to treat constipation and for bowel preparation before medical examinations or surgical procedures. They work by increasing the bulk of the stool, softening it, or hastening its passage through the intestines.
Types of Purgatives
There are several types of purgatives, including:
- Bulk-forming laxatives: These work by increasing the bulk of the stool, which helps to move it through the intestines.
- Stimulant laxatives: These stimulate the muscles of the intestines to contract, helping to move the stool along.
- Osmotic laxatives: These draw water into the intestines from the surrounding tissues, softening the stool and making it easier to pass.
- Stool softeners: These add moisture to the stool, making it softer and easier to pass.
Related Terms
- Laxative: A substance that promotes defecation. Laxatives may be dietary, pharmaceutical, or herbal.
- Cathartic: A substance that accelerates defecation. This is a stronger form of a laxative.
- Emetic: A substance that induces vomiting. This is the opposite of a purgative.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Purgative
- Wikipedia's article - Purgative
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