Pygmy peoples
Pygmy Peoples
Pygmy peoples (pronunciation: /ˈpɪɡmi/), also known as Pygmies, are ethnic groups whose average height is unusually short. The term is primarily associated with the African Pygmies, the hunter-gatherers of the Congo basin.
Etymology
The term "pygmy" is derived from the Greek word πυγμαῖος (pygmaios), via Latin Pygmaei (sing. Pygmaeus), derived from πυγμή – meaning a short forearm cubit, or a measure of length corresponding to the distance from the elbow to the knuckles. In Greek mythology, the word described a tribe of dwarfs, first described by Homer, the ancient Greek poet, and reputed to live in India and south of modern-day Ethiopia.
Groups
The term is most associated with peoples of Central Africa, such as the Aka, Efé, Mbenga, and Baka. Other groups in Asia, such as the Toda of the Nilgiri Mountains, are also referred to as "pygmies".
Culture
Pygmy peoples' cultures are diverse and varied. Most Pygmy communities are partially hunter-gatherers, living partially but not exclusively on the wild products of their environment. They trade with neighbouring farmers to acquire cultivated foods and other material items.
Health
Pygmy populations have unique health issues, including a high incidence of certain genetic diseases and conditions, such as sickle cell anemia and Pygmy-specific growth hormone deficiency.
Related Terms
- Hunter-gatherer
- Ethnic group
- African Pygmies
- Congo Basin
- Sickle cell disease
- Pygmy-specific growth hormone deficiency
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Pygmy peoples
- Wikipedia's article - Pygmy peoples
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