Raman spectroscopy
Raman Spectroscopy
Raman spectroscopy (/ˈrɑːmən/; named after Indian physicist C. V. Raman) is a spectroscopic technique used to observe vibrational, rotational, and other low-frequency modes in a system. It relies on inelastic scattering, or Raman scattering, of monochromatic light, usually from a laser in the visible, near infrared, or near ultraviolet range.
Etymology
The term "Raman spectroscopy" is derived from the name of its inventor, C. V. Raman, an Indian physicist who first observed Raman scattering in 1928. The term "spectroscopy" comes from the Latin spectron meaning "appearance" and the Greek skopein meaning "to look at".
Principle
Raman spectroscopy is based on the principle of inelastic scattering of light, also known as Raman scattering. When a beam of light interacts with a molecule, most photons are scattered elastically, meaning they have the same energy (color) before and after being scattered. However, a small fraction of light (approximately 1 in 10 million photons) is scattered inelastically. In this process, the scattered photons have a different energy, and therefore color, than the incident photons.
Applications
Raman spectroscopy has a wide range of applications in various fields such as chemistry, biology, pharmacology, geology, and medical diagnostics. In medicine, it is used for non-invasive tissue analysis and imaging, detection of diseases such as cancer, and monitoring of blood glucose levels.
Related Terms
- Spectroscopy: The study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation.
- Inelastic scattering: A process in which the kinetic energy of an incident particle is not conserved.
- Monochromatic light: Light that consists of a single wavelength or color.
- Laser: A device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Raman spectroscopy
- Wikipedia's article - Raman spectroscopy
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