Rationalism
Rationalism
Rationalism (/ˈræʃənəˌlɪzəm/; from Latin ratio, meaning 'reason') is a philosophical belief that regards reason as the chief source and test of knowledge. Rationalism has been central to modern philosophy since Descartes, Spinoza, and Leibniz, who are often collectively referred to as the "Rationalists".
Etymology
The term "rationalism" is derived from the Latin word ratio, meaning 'reason'. It was first used in the 17th century during the Age of Enlightenment to refer to a philosophical belief that knowledge could be gained through the use of reason, as opposed to experience or revelation.
Definition
Rationalism is a philosophical viewpoint that asserts that reason and logic are the primary sources of knowledge and truth. It holds that knowledge is not derived from sensory experience, but rather through deductive reasoning and a priori knowledge.
Related Terms
- Empiricism: A philosophical belief that knowledge comes primarily from sensory experience.
- Idealism: The group of philosophies which assert that reality, or reality as we can know it, is fundamentally mental, mentally constructed, or otherwise immaterial.
- Materialism: The philosophical belief that the world is made of material, and that there are no other types of entity (things that exist).
- Dualism: The division of something conceptually into two opposed or contrasted aspects, or the state of being so divided.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Rationalism
- Wikipedia's article - Rationalism
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