Scientific control
Scientific Control
Scientific control (/saɪˈɛntɪfɪk kənˈtroʊl/) is a fundamental part of the scientific method that allows scientists to minimize and isolate the effects of variables in an experiment. The concept of scientific control is closely related to the idea of causality in research.
Etymology
The term "scientific control" is derived from the Latin word scientia, meaning "knowledge", and the Old French controler, meaning "to check or regulate". It was first used in the context of scientific experiments in the 19th century.
Definition
In a scientific experiment, a control is a group or individual that is treated normally and not exposed to the experimental treatment. The control group provides a baseline that the experimental group can be compared to. It helps to ensure that any changes observed in the experimental group are due to the treatment being tested and not some other factor.
Related Terms
- Control group: A group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment being tested. The control group is used as a benchmark to measure how the other tested subjects do.
- Experimental group: The group in an experiment that receives the treatment being tested. The results from the experimental group are compared to the results from the control group.
- Variable: Any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types. In scientific experiments, variables are what are measured, manipulated, or controlled.
- Causality: The relationship between cause and effect. In scientific experiments, the goal is often to determine the causality between the experimental treatment and the observed results.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Scientific control
- Wikipedia's article - Scientific control
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