Semiconductors
Semiconductors
Semiconductors (/ˈsɛmɪkənˌdʌktər/; from the Latin semi, meaning 'half', and conductor, from the Latin conducere, meaning 'to lead or guide') are a type of material that has an electrical conductivity value falling between that of a conductor, such as metallic copper, and an insulator, such as glass.
Semiconductors are the foundation of modern electronics, including transistors, solar cells, diodes, and integrated circuits. They are essential in the field of microelectronics and nanoelectronics.
Etymology
The term "semiconductor" is derived from the Latin semi, meaning 'half', and conductor, from the Latin conducere, meaning 'to lead or guide'. This is in reference to a semiconductor's ability to conduct electricity under certain conditions, but not others, making it a good medium for the control of electrical current.
Related Terms
- Conductor: A material that allows electric current to flow freely.
- Insulator: A material that resists the flow of electric current.
- Transistor: A semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power.
- Solar cell: An electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect.
- Diode: A two-terminal electronic component that conducts current primarily in one direction.
- Integrated circuit: A set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece of semiconductor material, usually silicon.
- Microelectronics: The study and manufacture of very small electronic designs and components.
- Nanoelectronics: The use of nanotechnology in electronic components.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Semiconductors
- Wikipedia's article - Semiconductors
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