Sitagliptin
Sitagliptin
Sitagliptin (pronounced sih-tah-glip-tin) is an oral antihyperglycemic (anti-diabetic drug) of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor class.
Etymology
The name "Sitagliptin" is derived from the compound's chemical name, which is (R)-4-oxo-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-5,6-dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-7(8H)-yl]-1-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butan-2-amine.
Usage
Sitagliptin is used along with diet and exercise to improve blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is often used in combination with other diabetes medications, but is not for treating type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis.
Mechanism of Action
Sitagliptin works by regulating the levels of insulin your body produces after eating. It inhibits the enzyme DPP-4, which leads to increased levels of two hormones called incretin hormones. These hormones help to control blood sugar by increasing insulin release, especially after a meal, and decreasing the amount of glucose produced and released by the liver.
Side Effects
Common side effects of Sitagliptin include headache, runny or stuffy nose, sore throat, and nausea. Serious side effects may include pancreatitis, severe joint pain, and allergic reactions.
Related Terms
- Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Incretin
- Insulin
- Pancreatitis
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Sitagliptin
- Wikipedia's article - Sitagliptin
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