Sphenoid bone
Sphenoid Bone
The Sphenoid Bone (/sfɪˈnɔɪd/; from Ancient Greek: σφήν, romanized: sphḗn, lit. 'wedge') is an unpaired bone of the neurocranium. It is situated in the middle of the skull towards the front, in front of the temporal bone and basilar part of the occipital bone. The sphenoid bone is one of the seven bones that articulate to form the orbit.
Etymology
The word sphenoid is derived from the Greek word 'sphen', meaning wedge. This is due to the wedge-like shape of the bone.
Structure
The sphenoid bone is composed of a central part, the body, two greater wings, two lesser wings, and two pterygoid processes. The body is hollowed out in its interior to form two large cavities, the sphenoidal sinuses, which are separated from each other by a septum.
Function
The sphenoid bone plays a key role in connecting the cranial bones and facial bones, and also provides a base for the pituitary gland.
Clinical Significance
Due to its location and the vital structures it houses, damage to the sphenoid bone can have serious consequences, including visual impairment, hormonal imbalances, and neurological issues.
Related Terms
- Cranial bones
- Facial bones
- Pituitary gland
- Sphenoidal sinuses
- Temporal bone
- Basilar part of the occipital bone
- Orbit
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Sphenoid bone
- Wikipedia's article - Sphenoid bone
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