Tissue culture
Tissue Culture
Tissue culture (pronunciation: /ˈtɪʃuː ˈkʌltʃər/) is a technique used in biology where cells, tissues or organs are grown under controlled conditions, typically outside their natural environment.
Etymology
The term "tissue culture" was first coined by American pathologist Alexis Carrel in 1912. It is derived from the Latin word 'textus' meaning 'woven' and the English word 'culture' which refers to the cultivation of cells or tissues.
Process
In tissue culture, cells are removed from an animal or plant and placed into an artificial environment conducive for growth. This environment, or culture medium, often contains nutrients and hormones to encourage cell growth and division.
Types
There are several types of tissue culture techniques, including:
- Organ culture: This involves the culture of an entire organ.
- Cell culture: This involves the culture of individual cells.
- Explants culture: This involves the culture of pieces of tissue.
- Callus culture: This involves the culture of undifferentiated plant cells.
Applications
Tissue culture is used in a variety of applications, including:
- Research: Tissue culture is used in research to study the effects of diseases and drugs on cells.
- Therapeutics: Tissue culture is used in the production of vaccines and other therapeutic proteins.
- Plant propagation: Tissue culture is used in horticulture to propagate plants in a disease-free environment.
Related Terms
- In vitro: A term used to describe any process that is performed outside the living organism.
- In vivo: A term used to describe any process that is performed within the living organism.
- Sterile technique: A set of practices designed to prevent contamination of cultures.
- Biotechnology: The use of living systems and organisms to develop or make products.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Tissue culture
- Wikipedia's article - Tissue culture
This WikiMD dictionary article is a stub. You can help make it a full article.
Languages: - East Asian
中文,
日本,
한국어,
South Asian
हिन्दी,
Urdu,
বাংলা,
తెలుగు,
தமிழ்,
ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian
Indonesian,
Vietnamese,
Thai,
မြန်မာဘာသာ,
European
español,
Deutsch,
français,
русский,
português do Brasil,
Italian,
polski