Toluene toxicity

Toluene Toxicity

Toluene toxicity (pronunciation: /tɒˈljuːiːn/), also known as toluol intoxication, is a type of chemical poisoning caused by exposure to toluene, a clear, water-insoluble liquid with the typical smell of paint thinners. The term "toluene" is derived from the older name toluol, which refers to tolu balsam, an aromatic extract from the tropical Colombian tree Myroxylon balsamum, from which it was first isolated.

Causes

Toluene toxicity primarily occurs due to inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption of toluene, a common solvent found in a variety of everyday products such as paints, nail polish, adhesives, rubber, and some types of plastic. Occupational exposure is common in industries that manufacture or use these products.

Symptoms

Symptoms of toluene toxicity can range from mild to severe, depending on the level and duration of exposure. They may include dizziness, euphoria, headache, confusion, and fatigue. In severe cases, it can lead to unconsciousness or even death.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of toluene toxicity is typically based on a combination of history taking, physical examination, and laboratory tests. These tests may include blood and urine tests to detect the presence of toluene and its metabolites.

Treatment

Treatment for toluene toxicity primarily involves removing the source of exposure and providing supportive care. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required.

Prevention

Prevention strategies for toluene toxicity include proper ventilation, use of personal protective equipment, and adherence to safety guidelines when handling products containing toluene.

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Toluene toxicity