Topoisomerase IV
Topoisomerase IV (pronunciation: toh-poh-aye-soh-may-race four) is an enzyme that plays a key role in the separation of DNA during cell division. It is a type of topoisomerase that is essential for the survival of bacterial cells, making it a target for antibacterial drugs.
Etymology
The term "Topoisomerase IV" is derived from the Greek words topos meaning "place" and isomerase which refers to the type of enzyme that catalyzes the rearrangement of bonds within a single molecule. The "IV" denotes that it is the fourth type of topoisomerase discovered.
Function
Topoisomerase IV functions to untangle supercoiled DNA during the process of DNA replication. It does this by breaking and rejoining the DNA strands, allowing them to pass through one another and relieve the tension caused by supercoiling. This function is crucial for the proper segregation of replicated chromosomes into daughter cells during cell division.
Clinical Significance
Topoisomerase IV is a target for several antibacterial drugs, including quinolones and fluoroquinolones. These drugs inhibit the function of topoisomerase IV, preventing bacterial DNA replication and thus killing the bacteria.
Related Terms
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Topoisomerase IV
- Wikipedia's article - Topoisomerase IV
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