Tundra
Tundra
Tundra (/ˈtʌndrə/, /ˈtʊn-/) is a type of biome where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. The term "tundra" comes through Russian тундра (tûndra) from the Kildin Sami word тӯндар (tūndâr) meaning "uplands", "treeless mountain tract".
Etymology
The word tundra is derived from the Russian word "тундра" (tûndra), which is borrowed from the Kildin Sami word "тӯндар" (tūndâr) meaning "uplands" or "treeless mountain tract". The term was first used in English literature in the late 19th century.
Characteristics
Tundra regions typically have a subsoil of permafrost, a layer of soil at or below the freezing point of water 0 °C (32 °F) for two or more years. Most tundra is devoid of trees, but it does support a variety of vegetation, including lichen, moss, grass, and dwarf shrubs.
Types of Tundra
There are three types of tundra: Arctic tundra, Antarctic tundra, and alpine tundra. Arctic and Antarctic tundra occur in the far northern and southern parts of the world, respectively, while alpine tundra is found in high mountainous regions, above the tree line.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Tundra
- Wikipedia's article - Tundra
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