Winters' formula
Winters' Formula
Winters' Formula (pronounced: WIN-ters FOR-muh-luh) is a medical calculation used in the field of Nephrology to estimate the expected respiratory compensation in patients with metabolic acidosis. It is named after Dr. Robert W. Winters, a renowned American nephrologist.
Etymology
The formula is named after Dr. Robert W. Winters, who first described it in a 1969 paper. The term "formula" comes from the Latin word "formula", meaning a small pattern or rule.
Definition
Winters' Formula is defined as follows:
PCO2 = (1.5 * bicarbonate) + 8 ± 2
This formula is used to calculate the expected partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) in the blood of a patient with metabolic acidosis. If the actual PCO2 is significantly different from the expected value, it suggests that a mixed acid-base disorder is present.
Related Terms
- Acidosis: A condition in which there is too much acid in the body fluids.
- Alkalosis: A condition in which the body fluids have excess base (alkali).
- Anion gap: The difference between the measured cations (positively charged ions) and the measured anions (negatively charged ions) in serum, urine, or plasma.
- Bicarbonate: A form of carbon dioxide (CO2), a gas waste left when your body burns food for energy. Bicarbonate belongs to a group of electrolytes.
- Nephrology: A specialty of medicine and pediatrics that concerns itself with the kidneys.
- Respiratory compensation: A mechanism by which the body adjusts the blood pH by altering the rate of respiration.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Winters' formula
- Wikipedia's article - Winters' formula
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