Actinides

Actinides

Actinides (pronounced as /ækˈtɪnaɪdz/) are a series of chemical elements in the periodic table, specifically the f-block, from atomic numbers 89 to 103. They are part of the transition metals group and are often considered together with the lanthanides.

Etymology

The term "actinides" is derived from the first element in the series, actinium, and the Greek suffix '-ides' which implies a relationship or connection.

Characteristics

Actinides are all radioactive and have a similar electron configuration. They are typically divided into two categories: the naturally occurring actinides and the synthetic or man-made actinides. The naturally occurring actinides include thorium, protactinium, uranium, and plutonium. The synthetic actinides are all the elements from neptunium to lawrencium.

Uses

Actinides have various uses in industry and medicine. For example, uranium and plutonium are used as fuel in nuclear reactors, while americium is used in smoke detectors. Some actinides, such as thorium, are used in the production of high-quality glass for lenses and scientific instruments.

Health Effects

Exposure to actinides can have serious health effects due to their radioactivity. They can cause damage to cells and DNA, leading to diseases such as cancer. Therefore, handling of actinides requires special precautions to protect against radiation exposure.

Related Terms

• Radioactivity
• Transition metals
• Lanthanides
• Thorium
• Protactinium
• Uranium
• Plutonium
• Neptunium
• Americium
• Lawrencium

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Actinides
• Wikipedia's article - Actinides

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