Acute pancreatitis

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Acute Pancreatitis

Acute pancreatitis (/əˈkjuːt pæŋkriəˈtaɪtɪs/) is a sudden inflammation of the pancreas that occurs over a short period of time. The pancreas is a vital organ that lies in the upper abdomen, behind the stomach and close to the start of the small intestine, the duodenum.

Etymology

The term "acute pancreatitis" is derived from the Greek words "pankreas" (pancreas) and "-itis" (inflammation). "Acute" is a Latin term which means "sharp" or "severe".

Symptoms

The most common symptoms of acute pancreatitis include severe upper abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and occasionally, fever and jaundice. The pain often radiates to the back and is usually relieved by sitting up or leaning forward.

Causes

The most common causes of acute pancreatitis are gallstones and heavy alcohol use. Other causes include certain medications, infections, trauma, metabolic disorders, and surgery.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is usually based on the presence of two of the following: characteristic abdominal pain, elevated blood levels of pancreatic enzymes, or imaging findings suggestive of pancreatitis on ultrasound or CT scan.

Treatment

Treatment typically involves supportive care with intravenous fluids, pain medication, and occasionally antibiotics. In severe cases, admission to the intensive care unit or surgery may be required.

Related Terms

See Also

External links

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