Acute radiation dose
Acute Radiation Dose
Acute radiation dose (pronounced: /əˈkjuːt ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃən doʊs/) refers to a large amount of radiation exposure to the body over a short period of time.
Etymology
The term is derived from the Latin word acutus meaning sharp or pointed, and the Greek word radiation meaning ray, and dose from the Greek dosis meaning a portion prescribed.
Definition
An acute radiation dose is a significant amount of radiation absorbed by the body in a short time period, typically less than a day. This is in contrast to a chronic radiation dose, which is a smaller amount of radiation exposure over a longer period of time.
Measurement
The measurement unit for radiation dose is the sievert (Sv), which quantifies the amount of radiation absorbed by human tissues.
Effects
The effects of an acute radiation dose can range from mild symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, to severe symptoms such as radiation sickness, radiation burns, and even death. The severity of symptoms depends on the amount of radiation absorbed by the body.
Related Terms
- Radiation: The emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles.
- Radiation sickness: Sickness caused by exposure to radiation, typically presenting with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and loss of hair.
- Radiation burns: Burns caused by exposure to radiation.
- Chronic radiation dose: A smaller amount of radiation exposure over a longer period of time.
- Sievert: The SI unit of ionizing radiation dose in the International System of Units (SI), equal to one joule per kilogram.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Acute radiation dose
- Wikipedia's article - Acute radiation dose
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